Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor homolog（CAR）， also known as CXADR, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the CTX family of the Ig superfamily. CXADR has monomer subunit that interacts with LNX, BAIAP1, DLG4, PRKCABP, TJP1 and CTNNB1. It also interacts with MPDZ and JAML. CXADR composed of of the epithelial apical junction complex that may function as a homophilic cell adhesion molecule and is essential for tight junction integrity. CXADR also involved in transepithelial migration of leukocytes through adhesive interactions with JAML a transmembrane protein of the plasma membrane of leukocytes. The interaction between both receptors also mediates the activation of gamma-delta T-cells, a subpopulation of T-cells residing in epithelia and involved in tissue homeostasis and repair. Upon epithelial CXADR-binding, JAML induces downstream cell signaling events in gamma-delta T-cells through PI3-kinase and MAP kinases. It results in proliferation and production of cytokines and growth factors by T-cells that in turn stimulate epithelial tissues repair.
